Circular Q. (5)

Meant for wider circulation, more or less in the form of an official letter.

Name of organization

Circular Letter

Date:

Sub.____________________

Sir/Madam,

Content

Sd /-

Name

Designation

2. Advertisement

a. Classified Advt.:

Brief & concise, dealing with just what is required, short words and phrases used, written in a box

Ques.1 Situation vacant

Begin with wanted/required, name of company,post and no. of vacancies,age and sex of candidate, qualification and experience,other details (optional), mode of applying, contact Address & ph. no.

Ques.2 Missing pet : Name,breed,age, colour of skin, identifying features,missing since when/from where,reward,address & ph no.

b. Commercial Advt./Display Advt.: (More elaborate & decorative with pictures/ cartoons /Match stick drawing.

Decorative & varied font size used, catchy slogans used, special offers or discounts to be mentioned, Address & Ph.no. to be written. Highlight the main topic & centralize it in the page.

3. Poster Writing

Posters. centralize the main topic,Matchstick drawing/ Cartoons permitted

Font size of letter differ from idea to idea

Catchy Slogans used

Mention Issuing Authority (Issued by)

4. Invitation & Replies

(1) Invitation & Replies can be informal & formal

Replies can be either formal or informal acceptance / or formal or informal refusal

(2) Formal Invitation & Replies are written in third person

(3) Formal Invitation is always given a formal reply and an informal invitation an informal reply.

(4) Formal invitation should carry address and phone no and RSVP should be written at the end.

(5) Informal invitation is acknowledged in the first or second person.

(6) Formal acceptance & Refusal should express thanks to the one who has invited and refusal should have reason for refusal written.

(7) Informal invitation and replies are written in the same pattern of an informal letter but remember to thank the one who has invited & give reason for refusal.

5. Report writing

Format - (Title, date, place, name of reporter / agency)

The tense used is Past tense as report is of an event that has already taken place.

Be objective in report writing (I, we, me, etc not to be used)

For events –

What is being conducted?

Where?

When?

Chief Guest

Order of events

Conclusion

6. Factual Description

Format: Title

Description of a place – (Where is it situated, the exterior description followed by interior description, the fixtures, colour scheme, materials displayed etc)

Be objective in factual descriptions.

In a factual description of a process, write it in the order of happening. Here sequential markers are used to indicate the order of happening (words like first, then, next, finally etc. are called sequential markers)

Description of a person or a thing also can be asked as a factual description.

7. Letter Writing

Marks distribution:

Format : 2 Marks (sender’s address, date, addressee’s address, salutation, subject, content, complimentary close, signatory)

Content: 4 Marks

Expression: 4 Marks

8. Article Writing

Marks distribution:

Format : 1 Mark (Title, Name)

Content: 4 Marks

Expression: 5 Marks

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SECTION C –LITERATURE

FLAMINGO

Lesson 1- The Last Lesson

Short Questions

1. Give 2 reasons why Franz thought of running away and spending the day out of doors?

2. What was more tempting than the rule of participles?

3. What was the bulletin board famous for?

4. Describe the usual scene and how was it different that day?

5. Describe the appearance of the master M. Hamel that day?

6. What surprised Franz on entering the classroom?

7. What was the news that came as a thunderclap to Franz?

Do you think Franz was upset for not learning his French lessons during the

Introduction to factual description

Description involves developing a complete mental picture of a particular person, place, object or beings. A factual description allows the reader to get a comprehensive view of the subject under discussion. It involves a step by step description of the subject in the best possible manner. In this way, the reader is able to compare or contrast facts, data or other information that is relevant. A factual description is the detailed description of the physical attributes of the subject as it appears to the onlooker with the special features included.

Various subjects - ranging from animate to the inanimate have been described to enable the reader to frame an opinion of his own. Such descriptions either provide essential knowledge on the subject matter, or provide a means of assessing the worth of the subject. Often it is the description that allows the reader to make judgements for himself. The success of a good description lies in the ability to describe the subject to its nearest accuracy with current information on the same.

Examples of Factual Description

The cow

The cow is a domestic animal with four legs, two horns and a tail. It eats grass, hay and other vegetarian food items. It gives milk. Dairy products like cheese, butter and yogurt are used extensively all over the world. Cow dung is used as manure in rural areas. Gobar gas, from cow dung is a replacement to LPG. It is worshipped as a sacred animal by Hindus in India. Its skin is used to make fancy products.

Examples of Factual Description

Kanyakumari

Kanyakumari is situated in the southern most tip of India. It is the meeting place of The Indian Ocean, The Bay of Bengal and The Arabian Sea. One has to travel through Chennai or Kerala to reach Kanyakumari. There are plenty of buses organised by the governments of Tamil Nadu and Kerala to take tourists to Kanyakumari. The Vivekananda Rock is known for its serenity. This is the place where Swami Vivekananda spent years in meditation. The temple at Kanyakumari is a delight. It is known for the large number of devotees who throng the temple during every season. The diamond nose ring on the deity provides a lustre that one can see from a fairly far distance. Pilgrims offer prayers at the place for their forefathers. The setting sun and the rising sun are a delightful spectacle. Hundreds gather to watch both the sights. A visit to Kanyakumari creates the desire to visit the place again and again. Tourists fworldwide visit this place, irrespective of caste, creed or color every time of the year.

FACTUAL DESCRIPTION

factual description of a mobile

A mobile phone (also called mobile, cellular phone, cellphone or handphone)[1] is an electronic device used for full duplex two-way radio telecommunications over a cellular network of base stations known as cell sites.

Low-end mobile phones are often referred to as feature phones, whereas high-end mobile phones that offer more advanced computing ability are referred to as smartphones.

A mobile phone allows its user to make and receive telephone calls to and from the public telephone network which includes other mobiles and fixed line phones across the world. It does this by connecting to a cellular network owned by a mobile network operator. A key feature of the cellular network is that it enables seamless telephone calls even when the user is moving around wide areas via a process known as handoff or handover.

In addition to being a telephone, modern mobile phones also support many additional services, and accessories, such as SMS (or text) messages, email, Internet access, gaming, Bluetooth, infrared, camera, MMS messaging, MP3 player, radio and GPS.

The common components found on all phones are:

a rechargeable battery providing the power source for the phone functions

an input mechanism and display to allow the user to interact with the phone. The most common input mechanism is a keypad, but touch screens are also found in some high end smart phones.

basic mobile phone services to allow users to make calls and send text messages.

All GSM phones use a SIM card to allow an account to be swapped to between devices. Some CDMA devices also have a similar card called a R-UIM.

My Mother at SixtySix

KAMALA DAS

Kamala Das – as a poet of the first water

Kamala Das is a tale weaver – weaving the rhythm of life

into a tale of soul – a poet who loves to be loved in silence.

She says, "I wanted to fill my life with as many

experiences as I can manage to garner because I do not

believe that one can get born again". This poem is an

example of such experience with oozing agony and

melancholy – beleaguered with modern economic system.

Summary of “My Mother at Sixty-Six”

On a gray day, the speaker leaves her mother as well as her home to win her bread,

while her mother with a long face stands and stares. The speaker easily filters her

glimpses through the plethora of unfamiliar faces. When a bouquet of cheerful

children is caught fluttering in the open with sheer alacrity, revives in her the

smarting childhood agony of a mysterious premonition, that is, losing her mother.

Reviving from the psychological flickers at once, she sees her mother is shielded

inside a pal of benumbed silence. Still the airport hums, as the passengers are

requested to filter through the custom's care. Still a helpless mother, with

wrenching heart and swelling emotion, bids a helpless goodbye to her helpless

daughter.

Strangeness added to beauty

The readers are proud of having read such a poem built on the agony of a

wrenching heart that resides in a child for her mother. The poet looks into the gray

olden age strumming the strings of childhood life. Bringing of the sportive

children restores vivacity into the relationship. So we may without having a tinge

of hesitation say, a mother's love is helplessly trampled under the technological

terror of airplane wheels.

Focus

Mother stands in her life like a tree, on whose branch swings the childhood of the

daughter.

1. Relationship – Relationship is the nucleus of the poem. It seems love

creates an unfading relationship and it wields its brush over at least two

souls and assigns a meadow of agony with a river of fecundity.

2. Nostalgia – The speaker is carried away by her childhood premonition of

losing her mother.

My Mother at SixtySix

/ KAMALA DAS / Page 2

3. Sense of isolation – A deep sense of never-happened-before isolation

creeps into the heart of the speaker.

4. Time of being nuclear – Poet Eunice de Souza claims that Das has

"mapped out the terrain for post-colonial women in social and linguistic

terms". We fear of losing the mother's touch and smell in time of this

narrow domestic life.

5. Establishment and Ambition – Just to satisfy her economic appetite she

is bound for some handsome income. Poet Eunice de Souza claims that

Das has "mapped out the terrain for post-colonial women in social and

linguistic terms". Yet, a slight touch of establishment and a grown-up

ambition cannot cut off the branch of relationship.

6. Transport of filial piety – A transport of filial piety is observed filtering

through the unfamiliar faces, fettered with custom officers' mandatory

checking.

7. A silent agony – The speaker is overtaken by a terrible numbness. An

awkward silence creeps into her being. She fears looking back at the

slinking childhood of losing her mother's magnanimous shadow. Her

mother is presumably taken to be motionless and still – 'dead' to say in

brief. The destination is worthy of its name too – Cochin – signifying

'sleep' – clearly signifies that the speaker would soon see her mother to be

a denizen of the other world.

8. Vitality of relationship – Children spill over, and yet again spring out

vitality, vivacity and velocity of life. The moment a child is born, the

mother is also born. So losing her mother is nothing but an idiosyncratic

outlook? Her mother is not going to sink in death, since her child keeps

breathing – since other children are still there to make the earth rotate.

Reading between the lines

The daughter evinces her mother silently suffer. She finds her mother

heartbroken... she smiles away her agony though... she accepts her future

loneliness... bereft of mother... having the unluckily lucky opportunity to love her

absence, tread her shadows, and swing into the painfully happy nostalgia of a

hallowed past. At the fag end of the poem, we see the mother stay as a neverending

song in the speaker's heart of comfort, happiness and being. The

destination is worthy of its name – Cochin – signifying 'sleep' – clearly signifies

that the speaker would soon see her mother to be a denizen of the other world.

The debilitated mind of the mother is experiencing a serious symphony. The

airport ongoings of checking and rechecking cannot even drift away the slightest

My Mother at SixtySix

/ KAMALA DAS / Page 3

wrinkle left on the face with sorrows. Her slow and silent movement is disrupted,

her shadow is brought under the hammering wheels of the airplane. Her unbidden

prayers cling to her all her life.

Poet Eunice de Souza claims that Das has "mapped out the terrain for postcolonial

women in social and linguistic terms".

About the word “Mother”

'Mother' fills the topmost rank in the list of most-used words. She carries the key

of one's soul in her bosoms. The moment a child is born, the mother is also born.

“Being a full-time mother is one of the highest salaried jobs in my field, since the

payment is pure love” (Mildred B. Vermont). A mother is something absolutely

new. A mother is priced of God.

The never-extinguished love

Love is a soothing balm over the wounds of expectation and waiting. That's why

love makes a dare infiltration even if the security of a heart is steel-tightened.

Here, the mother's love steals away with the booty – the soul of her child. Hence,

love is not to mean, but be.

The talking soul of the speaker – the silent monologue vanishes into the fading

half of the day, but the journey continues, as every journey of a relationship need

to be continued... “spilling over”... with optimistic enjoyment abundant.

Appraisal of the Title

The title, “My Mother at Sixty-six” is an excellent example of showing an everunfailing

relationship between a daughter and her mother. Nostalgia smeared in

separation appears to be the default setting of the poem. The title scrutinizes every

mother lumbers towards the age, 66, with care or without care. But this very

mother gets to the same age through the growing eyes of her daughter. The number

66 also points out to the beginning of double quotation marks. It seems Kamala

Das indicates the estrangement has just begun, and it's absolutely way afar to meet

the end. It also sounds a little ambiguous, since the daughter, for the first time,

notices her mother has stepped into the wrong box of sixty six. In some Hermetic

systems, 6 means "beauty," and the speaker's mother appears more beautiful. 6 + 6

= 12, the number of signs in the Zodiac, and so may represent the totality of

Creation. So, sixty-six signifies a mother is the symbol of the totality of Creation